Climax and Anticlimax Free Essays

1. The significance of peak and disappointment The Greek word peak implies â€Å"ladder†; the Latin gradatio implies â€Å"ascent, ascending up†. In peak we manage series of equivalents or possibly semantically related words having a place with the equivalent topical gathering. We will compose a custom paper test on Peak and Anticlimax or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now [4, p. 155] According to Efimov L. P. , peak (or Gradation) †is the figure of unequality, which comprises in organizing the articulation with the goal that each ensuing part of it builds essentialness, significance or enthusiastic pressure of portrayal. [1, p. 69] Galperin I. R. iews peak as a course of action of sentences (or of the homogeneous pieces of one sentence) which makes sure about a slow increment in criticalness, significance, or enthusiastic strain in the articulation, as in: â€Å"It was a dazzling city, a lovely city, a reasonable city, an authentic diamond of a city. † or in: â€Å"Ne boundary divider, ne stream profound and wide, Ne frightful ridges, nor mountains dim and tall Rise like the stones that part Hispania’s land from Gaul. † (Byron) Gradual increment in passionate assessment in the main representation and in noteworthiness in the second is acknowledged by the circulation of the comparing lexical things. Each progressive unit is seen as more grounded than the previous one. Obviously, there are no target semantic measures to assess the level of significance or noteworthiness of every constituent. It is just the conventional homogeneity of these segment parts and the trial of synonymy in the words ‘lovely’, ‘beautiful’, ‘fair,’ ‘veritable jewel, in the principal model and the general detachment of the hindrances ‘wall’, ‘river’, ‘crags’, ‘mountains’ along with the sobriquets ‘deep and wide† ‘horrid’, ‘dark and tall’ that cause us to feel the expansion in significance of each. 1, p. 220] 2. Various sorts of peak A steady increment in importance might be kept up in three different ways: intelligent, enthusiastic and quantitative. Sensible peak depends on the general significance of the segment parts took a gander at from the perspective of the ideas encap sulated in them. This relative significance might be assessed both dispassionately and emotionally, the author’s mentality towards the articles or marvels being referred to being unveiled. In this manner, the accompanying passage from Dickens’s â€Å"Christmas Carol† shows the relative significance in the uthor’s psyche of the things and marvels portrayed: â€Å"Nobody at any point halted him in the road to state, with gladsome looks, ‘My dear Scrooge, how right? When will you come to see me? ‘ No poor people imgjored him to give a play, no kids asked Jiim what it - was o’clock, no man or lady ever once in for his entire life asked the best approach to such and such a spot, of Scrooge. Indeed, even the visually impaired men’s hounds seemed to know him, and when they saw him going ahead, would pull their proprietors into entryways and up courts; and afterward would sway their tails, just as they stated, ‘No eye at all is su perior to a hostile stare, dim ace! † The request for the announcements shows what the creator thinks about the zenith of the peak. The section by Dickens ought to be considered â€Å"subjective†, on the grounds that there is no broad acknowledgment of the general importance of the announcements in the passage. The peak in the lines from Byron’s â€Å"Ne barrier†¦ † might be considered â€Å"objective† in light of the fact that such things as ‘wall’, ‘river’, ‘crags’, ‘mountains’ are unbiasedly positioned by their openness. Passionate peak depends on the relative enthusiastic strain delivered by words with emotive importance, as in the primary model with the words ‘lovely’, ‘beautiful’, ‘fair’. Obviously, passionate peak dependent on equal series of words with emotive significance will definitely cause certain semantic contrasts in these words †such is the phonetic idea of complex synonymsâ€, however emotive importance will be the overarching one. Enthusiastic peak is for the most part found in sentences, all the more once in a while in longer linguistic units. This is normal. Enthusiastic charge can't hold long. As gets clear from the examination of the above instances of climatic request, the plan of the segment parts calls for equal development which, being a sort of grammatical reiteration, is as often as possible joined by lexical redundancy. Here is another case of enthusiastic peak based on this example: â€Å"He was satisfied when the youngster started to experience over the floors close by and knees; he was delighted, when she dealt with the stunt of adjusting herself on two legs; he was enchanted when she previously said ‘ta-ta’; and he was celebrated when she remembered him and grinned at him. † (Alan Paton) Finally, we come to quantitative peak. This is a clear increment in the volume of the comparing ideas, as in: â€Å"They took a gander at several houses; they climbed a huge number of steps; they investigated multitudinous kitchens. (Maugham) Here the peak is accomplished by basic numerical increment. [1, p. 220] 3. The key constituents of peak What at that point are the essential constituents of peak? They are: a)the distributional constituent: closeness of the segment parts masterminded in expanding request of significance or essentialness; b)the linguistic example: equal developments with conceivable lexical reiteration; c)the suggestive constituent: the illustrative setting which encourages the peruser to get a handle on the degree, as no. .. ver once in for his entire life, no one ever, no one, No poor people (Dickens); profound and wide, appalling, dull and tall (Byron); genuine (pearl of a city). Peak, in the same way as other complex gadgets, is a methods by which the creator reveals his reality viewpoint, his assessment of target realities and wonders. The solid elaborate capacity of this gadget is to show the overall significance of things as observed by the writer (particularly in passionate peak), or to put forth for the peruser the centrality of the things portrayed by recommended correlation, or to delineate marvels powerfully. 3. What is Anticlimax? As indicated by Efimov, let-down (or Bathos) †is an elaborate gadget which comprises in orchestrating the articulation so each resulting segment of it diminishes essentialness, significance or passionate strain of portrayal: If John’s eyes load up with tears, you may have no uncertainty: he has been eating crude onions. [2, p. 70] Kukharenko V. A. sees let-down as an unforeseen turn of the idea which routs desires for the peruser (audience) and finishes in complete semantic inversion of the accentuated thought. [3, p. 93] The gadget in this manner called is portrayed by certain creators as â€Å"back gradation†. As its very name appears, it is the inverse to peak, yet this supposition that isn't exactly right. It would fill no need whatever making the second component more vulnerable than the primary, the third still more fragile, etc. A genuine let-down is an abrupt double dealing of the recepient: it comprises in adding one more fragile component to one or a few in number ones, referenced previously. The recepient is disaappointed in his desires: he anticipated a more grounded component to follow; rather, some inconsequential thought follows the noteworthy one (ones). Obviously, disappointment is utilized with an amusing point. For instance, in It’s abloody lie and not exactly evident, we see the foolishness of stirring up a hostile articulation with a respectful comment. [4, p. 156] The thoughts communicated might be orchestrated in rising request of criticalness, or they might be poetical or raised, however the last one, which the peruser hopes to be the coming full circle one, as in peak, is frivolous or absurd. There is an abrupt drop from the grandiose or genuine to the crazy. A normal model is Aesop’s tale â€Å"The Mountain in Labour†. â€Å"In a long time ago, a compelling thundering was heard in a Mountain. It was supposed to be in the process of giving birth, and hoards rushed together, from far and close, to perceive what it would deliver. After long desire and numerous shrewd guesses from the observers †out popped, a Mouse! † Here we have conscious let-down, which is a perceived type of amusingness. Let-down is much of the time utilized by humorists like Mark Twain and Jerome K. Jerome. In â€Å"Three Men in a Boat†, for instance, a poetical entry is constantly trailed by silly scene. For instance, the creator develops the delights of the dusk on the waterway and finishes up: But we didn’t sail into the universe of brilliant nightfall: we went slap into that old punt where the courteous fellows were angling. † Another model is: â€Å"This war-like discourse, got with numerous a cheer, Had filled them with want of distinction, and brew! ‘ (Byron) [1, p. 221] 4. Ends There are a few kinds of semantically convoluted parallelism. They are presente by peak and disappointment. Peak, in the same way as other expressive gadgets, is a methods by which the creator unveils his reality, standpoint, his assessment of target realities and marvels. The solid complex capacity of this gadget is to show the overall significance of things as observed by the writer (particularly in passionate peak), or to put forth for the peruser the centrality of the things portrayed by proposed correlation, or to delineate marvels powerfully. Peak which increments passionate pressure of the expression might be called enthusiastic. Passionate degree is made by synonymic words with emotive implications: decent †attractive †delightful †radiant †stunning; Climax uncovering the amount of items might be called quantitative: There were many planets, several shooting stars, multitudinous number of

Yann Martel Free Essays

Canongate uncovers Martel’s Holocaust story Listen Select: : BOOK NEWS Canongate has solely uncovered subtleties of the pending novel by Yann Martel, his first since the 2002 Man Booker-victor Life of Pi was distributed eight years back. Entitled Beatrice and Virgil, the book is expected for distribution next June. It is being discharged all the while by Knopf Canada, Random House engrave Spiegel Grau in New York, Text Publishing in Australia and Penguin India. We will compose a custom paper test on Yann Martel or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now The story follows Henry, who on being presented â€Å"a puzzle that he can't resist† is maneuvered into the universe of taxidermy, and the lives of the eponymous charactersâ€a jackass named Beatrice and a monkey called Virgil. Canongate said the book, which handles the subject of the Holocaust, â€Å"takes us some place really unforeseen and shocking†, asking â€Å"profound good and philosophical inquiries about the idea of adoration and evil†. Jamie Byng, overseeing chief and distributer of Canongate, stated: â€Å"Life of Pi was continually going to be a very precarious book to development, not least on account of the desires for Yann’s numerous fans. â€Å"Thankfully, Yann has adapted to the situation by composing another outstanding novel, an uncontrollably innovative and multilayered story that engages from the main page and leaves you posing inquiries long after you have turned the last. I was paralyzed by Beatrice and Virgil and we all at Canongate are gigantically amped up for taking this book to the same number of perusers as we can. The distribution will be bolstered by â€Å"an amazing PR and showcasing campaign†, which will incorporate shopper and web based life promoting, broad media inclusion, creator meets, a broad online crusade and occasions and celebration appearances over the UK. Retailers are presently being welcome to pitch for signings. Canongate has â€Å"high hopes† for the boo k, as Life of Pi remains the best Booker victor ever. The distributer repackaged the title this July, which Canongate said trebled deals when contrasted and the earlier year. ~~~~~~~~ Step by step instructions to refer to Yann Martel, Essay models

Functions of the Somatic Nervous System

Functions of the Somatic Nervous System Theories Psychosocial Psychology Print Functions of the Somatic Nervous System By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 13, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 17, 2019 Science Photo Library - PASIEKA/Brand X Pictures/Getty Images More in Theories Psychosocial Psychology Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology The somatic system is the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for carrying motor and sensory information both to and from the central nervous system (CNS). This system is made up of nerves that connect to the skin, sensory organs, and all skeletal muscles. The system is responsible for nearly all voluntary muscle movements as well as for processing sensory information that arrives via external stimuli including hearing, touch, and sight. Whether you want to learn ballet, throw a ball, or go for a jog, the somatic nervous system plays a vital role in initiating and controlling the movements of your body. How exactly does this complex system work? Let’s start by taking a closer look at the key parts of the somatic nervous system. Parts of the Somatic Nervous System The term somatic nervous system is drawn from the Greek word soma, which means body, which is appropriate considering it is this system that transmits the information to and from the CNS to the rest of the body. The somatic nervous system contains two major types of neurons: Sensory neurons, also known as  afferent neurons, are responsible for carrying information from the nerves to the CNS.Motor neurons, also known as efferent neurons, are responsible for carrying information from the brain and spinal cord to muscle fibers throughout the body. The neurons that make up the somatic nervous system project outwards from the CNS and connect directly to the muscles of the body, and carry signals from muscles and sensory organs back to the central nervous system. The body of the neuron is located in the CNS, and the axon then projects and terminates in the skin, sense organs, or muscles.?? How Neurons Transmit Information Throughout the Body Reflex Arcs and the Somatic Nervous System In addition to controlling voluntary muscles movements, the somatic nervous system is also associated with involuntary movements known as reflex arcs. During a reflex arc, muscles move involuntarily without input from the brain. This occurs when a nerve pathway connects directly to the spinal cord. Some examples of reflex arcs include jerking your hand back after accidentally touching a hot pan or an involuntary knee jerk when your doctor taps on your knee. You don’t have to think about doing these things. Sensory nerves carry signals to the spinal cord, often connect with interneurons in the spine, and then immediately transmit signals down the motor neurons to the muscles that triggered the reflex.??     Reflex arcs that impact the organs are called autonomic reflex arcs while those that affect the muscles are referred to as somatic reflex arcs. An Example of the Somatic System in Action The primary function of the somatic nervous system is to connect the central nervous system to the bodys muscles and control voluntary movements and reflex arcs.  Information taken in by sensory systems is transmitted to the central nervous system. The CNS then sends signals via the nerve networks of the somatic system to the muscles and organs. For example, imagine that you are out for a jog in the park one brisk winter morning. As you run, you spot a patch of slick ice on the path ahead. Your visual system perceives the icy patch and relays this information to your brain. Your brain then sends signals to engage your muscles to take action. Thanks to your somatic system, you are able to turn your body and move to a different part of the path, successfully avoiding the icy patch and preventing a possibly dangerous fall on the hard pavement.??

The Death Of Death After The End Of Every Life - 998 Words

Often times, we forget the inescapable end to our lives, the inevitable death. Although some of us understand how precious and delicate life is, we must also ascertain that death awaits us at the end of every life. Identically, we understand death which is due to old age which can be predicted and even expected. In spite of this, we rarely take into consideration that death can even be sudden leaving certain areas of our lives unresolved. Consequently, if death is expected, we are allotted time to say goodbye to our loved ones, resolve conflicts and even seek forgiveness for our sins or those we have wronged. Nonetheless, most do not physically or emotionally prepare for death, which leaves little understanding for us to cope with it. Uniformly important, there are several religious aspects to death in regards to the religious who have faith in various types of religions. That being said, the afterlife is unknown to many and equally hard to explain or portray. It goes without saying that some do not fear death because of their instilment of faith in their individual religion. Others ultimately fear death if there is an absence of religion in their lives. A majority feels that death is the awaited transition into the afterlife in which your life is taken into account to determine if you will pass through heaven or hell. It is for these reasons why dying is an event that is beyond our understanding and there are certain spiritual needs required by the dying to be at peace whenShow MoreRelatedDeath : How The Perspective Of People Changes When They Are On The Edge Of Life1173 Words   |  5 PagesDeath: How the perspective of people changes when they are on the edge of life. Death is the point that marks the end of a human’s life. 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For most people you may think of pitch black darkness for death is the opposite, the recipical of life just like darkness is the opposite of light it remains a mysterious phenomenon that we all must experience. Just like darkness we don’t know what’s inside it, we have no idea what happens after death therefore we fear it. In fact in Eckhart Tolle’s article â€Å"The Origin of Fear† he brings to us a thesis of â€Å"but ultimately all fear is theRead MoreEveryman Is An English Morality Play By An Unknown Author1493 Words   |  6 Pagestoo attached and obsessed with materialistic things when Death summons and tells him about his end. The author used symbolic names for characters to show us the moral of the play. â€Å"The characters in an allegory often have no individual personality, but are embodiments of moral qualities and other abstractions† (Allegory, 2010) The author of the play â€Å"Everyman† has the main character Everyman to only symbolize the typical human being. 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Oregon, Washington, and Vermont have each enacted laws that enable a terminally ill, mentally compet ent, adult to decide and dictate end of life decisions up to and including the time of their death. Oregon was the first United States (U.S.) to enact legislation and other states in the union have followed suit. Literature Review There are numerous articles regarding Death with Dignity and Physician-Assisted

Evolution Of Human Resource Management - 2625 Words

Abstract This case study covers the evolution of human resource management and discusses current issues and trends in the field. Changes in orientation, such as changes from personnel to human resources, administration to management, and human relations to organizational effectiveness, are covered. Utilizing the concepts and technology described can greatly improve the effectiveness of any human resources department. Ideas for future research and practice are also suggested. Evolution of Human Resource Management Key principles and practices associated with Human Resource Management date back as early as 1000and 2000 B.C. Employee screening tests have been traced back to 1115 B.C. in China and the earliest form of industrial†¦show more content†¦Early human resource management techniques included social welfare elements aimed at helping immigrants adjust to their jobs and to life in the United States. These elements included learning English and obtaining housing and medical care. Such interventions also promoted supervisory training in order to increase company productivity. During this era, managers began to view workers more as individual human beings rather than non-human resources. Administrative functions of Human Resource Management include hiring and firing of employees, compensation, payroll, and management of employee benefits, policy formulation and implementation, records maintenance, Employee Assistance administration, Drug-Free Workplace, legal compliance and Union r elationship maintenance. These tasks are often seen by administrators as tedious busy-work performed by skill-specific clerical managers with limited connection to the mission and goals of the company. This area of company functions is the quantitative component that administrators access to calculate total workforce costs, compensation, and employee turnover. Strategic elements of Human Resource Management include recognizing that people are a key organizational resource. Over the last two decades there has been a significant shift in thinking regarding the role that people play in the success of businesses. In

Julius Caesar Editorial Free Essays

On the day of March 15th, Rome lost an important civilian whose name was Julius Caesar. A group of conspirators lead by Cassius and Brutus planned Caesar’s killing for the good of Rome. They lead him into the capitol while Caesar was completely oblivious to what was going on. We will write a custom essay sample on Julius Caesar Editorial or any similar topic only for you Order Now The men were discussing if Caesar would bring back Publius Cimber when Caesar became king. Caesar refused since his decisions weren’t easy to sway. This and all the hate they had build before drew the men to stab Caesar to death. The first being Casca and lastly Brutus while Caesar said the famous word â€Å"Et tu, Brute?† before dying. The conspirators then bathed their arms in Caesar’s blood and ran through the streets of Rome celebrating their victory. But was this act victorious? Some people would disagree with the conspirators; they believe Caesar was a good and loyal man to Rome and that they failed him by killing him. They believe someone who was that great could not be forgotten easily or could have become the person the conspirators said he would. Which is why after his death there was a scandal in the streets. We can see this when plebeian said after Antony spoke greatly of Caesar â€Å"Marked ye his words? He would not take the crown. Therefore ’tis certain he was not ambitious. † Others believed that this ambition was dangerous; it would drive Caesar into a bad ruler, which was not in the interest of Rome. Therefore Brutus was better for the crown since he saved them from Caesar. Brutus said â€Å"not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more. † Which people truly believed and hail Brutus for doing such honorable thing â€Å"Caesar’s better parts. Shall be crowned in Brutus! † What do I think? I believe Caesar’s death was unjust! No men should be penalized for something he will do. No one really this if these assumptions would have come true. So why pay the price when you have done something wrong? Caesar possessed more good things about himself than bad, and Rome should focus on the facts of the good things he has done instead of the possibility of â€Å"too much ambition†. I believe Brutus and the conspirators say that what they did was honorable and for the good of everyone when really it was to satisfy themselves. Caesar never offended one of them personally; they kept feeding themselves on negatives ideas of Caesar that drove them to his assassination. Caesar was a good man and even if he had many flaws he is human, and all humans have a right to live! Especially, all humans have a chance to live if they have not done anything wrong. Antony shared these ideas when he said â€Å"Did this in Caesar seem ambitious? When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept. Ambition should be made of sterner stuff. Yet Brutus says he was ambitious, and Brutus is an honorable man†¦I thrice presented him a kingly crown, which he did thrice refuse. Was this ambition? Caesar should not have died like that and should have had a chance to prove them wrong. How to cite Julius Caesar Editorial, Papers

Over And Underfamiliarity With Matthew Essays - Prophets Of Islam

Over And Underfamiliarity With Matthew Over and Underfamiliarity with Matthew 6:11 Hearing something repeatedly can diminish its significance. I suspect that this is particularly true of Scripture. Overfamiliarity with a biblical passage can contribute to its misunderstanding. Sometimes it can reduce a profound saying to nothing more than a clich?. The Lord's Prayer (Mt. 6:9-13) ranks among the most popular passages in the New Testament. Most people who regularly attend a church can recite it from memory. It is a prayer that we have heard and said many times. One of the more memorable lines of the prayer is Give us this day our daily bread (Mt. 6:11). Let us pause for a moment and consider this entreaty phrase by phrase. The line begins with the blunt imperative, Give us! This is a curious manner in which to address God. I have heard parents scold a spoiled child for using similar language.* The middle phrase is this day. I suppose that Jesus intended for his disciples to say this prayer each morning, as they looked forward to God's provision throughout the day.** The third and final phrase is our daily bread, which seems simply to mean the necessary portion of food that a disciple needed to sustain him or herself. Apparently, Jesus taught his disciples to expect that God would meet their fundamental needs day by day. For the majority of Christians who live in Western Europe, North America, and other prosperous areas, Give us this day our daily bread has little relevance. As audacious as this assertion may be, it can be easily verified: simply go to the nearest refrigerator and take inventory of its contents. This line of the prayer is largely irrelevant for me, too. My kitchen contains ample food for at least a week. Unfamiliarity with Jesus' social and religious environment can also muffle the significance of his words. Give us this day our daily bread makes excellent sense within the rich conceptual world of late Second Temple-period Judaism. More specifically, this imperative aimed at God belongs to the culture of what would be called at a later time _talmud Torah_ (the joining of oneself to a sage in order to learn Torah from him). Jesus gathered disciples around himself like the tannaic rabbis would continue to do in the second century A.D. Jesus' agenda, however, was distinctive in that it centered on the Kingdom of Heaven. His agenda was firmly rooted in Israel's Torah. He never dishonored nor violated it,*** but in focusing upon God's Kingdom he stretched its parameters. Jesus' demands for entering the Kingdom of Heaven were high. Among them was a readiness to leave family, property and careers (cf. Lk. 5:11, 28; 14:25-33; 18:22). After a person joined Jesus' band of disciples, the demands for remaining at the center of God's Kingdom remained high. Give us this day our daily bread resonates with the values and priorities of this cultural context. Jesus expected his followers to make moving with God's redemptive activity their priority. Once committed to this program, they had no reason to worry about their basic necessities -- food, clothing and shelter. God would take care of these. Jesus reiterated similar ideas on other occasions. Just before sending out his disciples two by two, he said: The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are fewGo your wayCarry no purse, no bag, no sandalsWhenever you enter a town and they receive youheal the sick in it and say to them, 'The Kingdom of God has come near to you' (Lk. 10:2-9). As the conclusion for a short homily on anxiety, he exhorted his audience, Seek first his Kingdom and his righteousness, and all these things will be added to you. So, do not worry about tomorrowThe day's troubles will take care of themselves (Mt. 6:33-34). (These things refers to food, drink and clothing.) These sayings of Jesus were apparently not intended as hyperbole or metaphor. Jesus said what he meant. Our hectic lifestyles and the prosperity and materialism of modern, Western society make them, however, difficult to accept. When a sprawling food market is just minutes away by foot, and fewer by car, Give us our daily bread resists a literal interpretation. Nevertheless, despite the difficult choices of re-ordering priorities and re-building the marco-structure of a lifestyle -- which are often necessary for entering the Kingdom of Heaven -- tremendous liberty and privilege accrue to those who make them. They may confidently pursue a life full of assisting those in need: feeding the hungry, clothing the naked, educating the unlearned, visiting those in prison and hospital, caring for the forgotten, and praying for

Father The Hard Worker essays

Father The Hard Worker essays Everyday millions of fathers go to work each day. My father stays home to work. For many years now my father has worked out of the house. For many years to come he will continue to work out of the house. He also works with the Muslim community and has time to support a wife and three children. He is a very hard worker. My father is a auto mechanic. He has been working on cars for 15 years now. He is self-employed and has no steady salary. At the age of 53 years old he makes working on cars look like a sinch. In reality the pain he faces and the sickness that overwhelms him at times is what he is rewarded by. A job that has no reliable income and shifts as jobs come by and go only determines how much he gets paid. There have been months when us kids had to put in more money then what our own father has made. He loves the job and couldnt imagine doing anything else. He works knowing one day the work will one day kill him. Although my father spends majority of the time working on cars, he always has time for the Mosque. He visits the Mosque everyday for the last two prayers of the day. He also volunteers for activities that might be going on during the weeks. Every year during Ramadan my father makes a small group of volunteers to feed the Muslims at the time of breaking the fast. For 30 days he keeps his fast as he helps the volunteers serve food and drinks. Even after spending so much time with work and religious activities, he always has time for his family. I still remember the times he used to take us to the park and to the movies. He still takes the whole family to the movies. We also go on family vacations to states such as Florida or Texas. He also takes us to Canada to visit all our Uncles and Aunts from my fathers side of the family. He works very hard to provide our family with the materials we need and want. We might not be the riches family, but he sure doesnt let us feel like we arent any ...

Obama Stimulus Package Pros and Cons

Obama Stimulus Package Pros and Cons President Obamas stimulus package, the American Recovery and Investment Act of 2009, was passed by Congress on February 13, 2009 and signed into law by the President four days later. No House Republicans and only three Senate Republicans voted for the bill. Obamas $787 billion stimulus package is a consortium of thousands of federal tax reductions, and expenditures on infrastructure, education, health care, energy and other projects. This stimulus package was to jumpstart the U.S. economy out of recession mainly by generating two to three million new jobs and replacing decreased consumer spending. (See specific Pros and Cons at page two of this article.) Stimulus Spending: Keynesian Economic Theory The concept that an economy would be boosted if the government spent large sums of borrowed money was first set forth by John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946), a British economist. Per Wikipedia, In the 1930s, Keynes spearheaded a revolution in economic thinking, overturning the older ideas... that held that free markets would automatically provide full employment as long as workers were flexible in their wage demands. ... During the 1950s and 1960s, the success of Keynesian economics was so resounding that almost all capitalist governments adopted its policy recommendations. The 1970s: Free-Market Economic Theory Keynesian economics theory receded from public use with the advent of free-market thinking which postulated that the merket works optimally when without government inteference of any kind. Led by U.S. economist Milton Friedman, 1976 Nobel Economics Prize recipient, free-market economics evolved into a political movement under President Ronald Reagan who famously declared, Government is not the solution to our problems. Government is the problem. 2008 Failure of Free-Market Economics Absence of adequate U.S. government monitoring of the economy is blamed by most parties for the 2008 U.S. and worldwide recession. Keynesian economist Paul Krugman, 2008 Nobel Economics Prize recipient, wrote in November 2008: The key to Keynes’s contribution was his realization that liquidity preference - the desire of individuals to hold liquid monetary assets - can lead to situations in which effective demand isn’t enough to employ all the economy’s resources. In other words, per Krugman, human self-interest (i.e. greed)occasionally must be prodded by government to facilitate a healthy economy. Latest Developments In July 2009, many Democrats, including some presidential advisors, believe that $787 billion was too small to bolster the economy, as evidenced by the continuing U.S. economic slump. Labor Secretary Hilda Solis admittedon July 8, 2009 about the economy, Nobody is happy, and the president and I feel very strongly that we have to do everything we can to create jobs. Dozens of respected economists, including Paul Krugman, told the White House that an effective stimulus must be at least $2 trillion, in order to replace the drop in consumer and governmental spending. President Obama, however, aspired for bipartisan support, so the White House compromised by adding Republican-urged tax breaks. And hundreds of billions in desperately-sought state aid and other programs were chopped from the final $787 billion stimulus package. Unemployment Continues to Climb Unemployment has continued to climb at an alarming rate, despite passage of the $787 billion economic stimulus package. Explains The Australian News: ... only six months ago Obama was telling Americans that unemployment, then at 7.2%, could be held to a peak of 8% this year if Congress passed his $US787 billion stimulus package. Congress duly obliged and unemployment has galloped ahead ever since. Most economists now believe the 10% mark will be reached before the year is out. ... Obamas jobless prediction would be out of whack by more than four million jobs. As it stands now, he has miscalculated by about 2.6 million jobs. Slow to Spend Stimulus Funds The Obama administration has stumbled in rapidly circulating stimulus funds back into the economy. Per all reports, as of the end of June 2009, only about 7% of approved funds have spent. Investment analyst Rutledge Capital observes, In spite of all the talk we have seen about shovel ready projects, not much of the money has actually made its way into the economy yet... Economist Bruce Bartlett explained in The Daily Beast on July 8, 2009, In a recent briefing, CBO director Doug Elmendorf estimated that only 24 percent of all the stimulus funds will have been spent by September 30. And 61 percent of that will go to low-impact income transfers; only 39 percent is for high-impact spending on highways, mass transit, energy efficiency, et al. By September 30, only 11 percent of all the funds allocated to such programs will be spent. Background President Obamas stimulus package of $787 billion includes: Infrastructure - Total: $80.9 billion, including: $51.2 billion for roads, bridges, railways, sewers, public transportation $29.5 billion for government facilities and vehicle fleets $15 billion for other projects, including $7.2 billion for public broadband, wireless Internet access, $750 million to the National Park Service, $650 million to the Forest Service, and $515 million for wildfire prevention. Education $44.5 billion to local school districts to prevent layoffs and cutbacks, with flexibility to use the funds for school modernization and repair $15.6 billion to increase Pell Grants from $4,731 to $5,350 $13 billion for low-income public schoolchildren $12.2 billion for IDEA special education $300 million for increased teacher salaries Health Care $86.6 billion for Medicaid $24.7 billion to provide a 65% subsidy of COBRA healthcare premiums for the unemployed $19 billion for health information technology $10 billion for health research, National Institutes of Health facilities $1.3 billion for medical care for military members, families $1 billion for the Veterans Health Administration $2 billion for Community Health Centers Energy $11 billion funding for an electric smart grid $6.3 billion for state, local governments to invest in energy efficiencies $6 billion for renewable energy, electric transmission technologies loan guarantees $6 billion for the cleanup of radioactive waste from nuclear power plants $5 billion for weatherizing modest-income homes $4.5 billion to modernize the U.S. electrical grid $2 billion for manufacture of advanced car battery systems $400 million for electric vehicle technologies Housing $4 billion to HUD for repairing, modernizing public housing $2.25 billion in tax credits for financing low-income housing construction $2 billion to help communities purchase and repair foreclosed housing $1.5 billion for rental assistance and housing relocation Scientific Research $3 billion to the National Science Foundation $2 billion to the United States Department of Energy $1.3 billion for university research facilities $1 billion to NASA American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 BY Wikipedia Pros Pros for the Obama administrations $787 billion stimulus package can be summed up in one obvious statement: If the stimulus works to shock the U.S. economy out of its steep 2008-2009 recession, and stems the unemployment rate, then it will be judged a success. Economic historians persuasively argue that Keynesian-style spending was largely instrumental in pulling the U.S. out of the Great Depression, and in propelling growth of the U.S. and world economies in the 1950s and 1960s. Meeting Urgent, Worthy Needs Of course, liberals also fervently believe that many thousands of urgent and worthy needs... long ignored and exacerbated by the Bush administration... are met by spending initiatives included in Obamas stimulus package, including: Long overdue repair and renewal of dangerously crumbling U.S. infrastructure, including highways and roads, the electric power grid, dams, bridges, levees, water mains and sewer systems, airports, and more; Vital aid to beleaguered local school districts to prevent layoffs and cutbacks, plus $300 million for increased teacher salaries Expansion of public transportation systems, building new high-speed passenger rail systems $116 billion in payroll tax relief for individuals making less than $75,000 annually, and for couples jointly making less than $150,000. $40 billion to extend unemployment benefits, and to increase benefits by $25 weekly Increased medical coverage for military members and their families, and $1 billion for the Veterans Administration, which suffered major cutbacks under President Bush Food programs for low-income Americans, including $150 million to help refill food banks, $100 million for meals programs for seniors, and $100 million for free school lunch programs . Cons Critics of President Obamas stimulus package either believe that: economic stimulus spending is doomed to fail, especially when it entails borrowing to obtain the funds to be spent (i.e. deficit spending); or the compromise size or focus of the stimulus bill doomed the measure to be inadequate to pull the U.S. out of the 2008-2009 recession. Stimulus Spending Coupled with Borrowing Is Reckless A June 6, 2009 Louisville Courier-Journal editorial eloquently expresses this con perspective: Lyndon is getting a new walking path between Whipps Mill Road and North Hurstbourne Lane... Lacking sufficient funds, the U.S. will borrow from China and other increasingly skeptical lenders to pay for luxuries like Lyndons little walkway. Our children and grandchildren will have to pay back the unimaginable debt with which we are saddling them. Of course, the fallout from their forebears financial irresponsibility could first consume them in revolution, ruin or tyranny... Obama and congressional Democrats are making an already awful situation exponentially worse... Borrowing from foreigners to build paths in Lyndon is not only bad policy, but ought to also be unconstitutional. Stimulus Package Was Inadequate or Wrongly Focused Lamented liberal economist Paul Krugman, Even if the original Obama plan - around $800 billion in stimulus, with a substantial fraction of that total given over to ineffective tax cuts - had been enacted, it wouldnt have been enough to fill the looming hole in the U.S. economy, which the Congressional Budget Office estimates will amount to $2.9 trillion over the next three years. Yet the centrists did their best to make the plan weaker and worse. One of the best features of the original plan was aid to cash-strapped state governments, which would have provided a quick boost to the economy while preserving essential services. But the centrists insisted on a $40 billion cut in that spending. Moderate Republican David Brooks opined ... theyve created a sprawling, undisciplined smorgasbord, which has spun off a series of unintended consequences. First, by trying to do everything all it once, the bill does nothing well. The money spent on long-term domestic programs means there may not be enough to jolt the economy now... The money spent on stimulus, meanwhile, means there’s not enough to truly reform domestic programs like health technology, schools and infrastructure. The measure mostly pumps more money into old arrangements. Where It Stands Congressional Republicans tore into the Obama administration over the economic stimulus plan,... arguing that the White House is mishandling the distribution of the money while overstating the ability of the package to create jobs, reported CNN on July 8, 2009 about a contentious hearing before the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee. CNN continued, The White House Office of Management and Budget defended the plan, arguing that every federal dollar spent has, by definition, helped to ease the pain of the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression. A Second Stimulus Package? Obama economic advisor Laura Tyson, former Director of the National Economic Council, said in a July 2009 speech that the U.S. should consider drafting a second stimulus package focusing on infrastructure projects because the $787 billion approved in February was a bit too small per Bloomberg.com. In contrast, economist Bruce Bartlett, a conservative Obama supporter, pens in an article entitled Obamas Clueless Liberal Critics, that the argument for more stimulus implicitly assumes that the bulk of stimulus funds have been paid out and done their work. However, the data show that very little of the stimulus has actually been spent. Bartlett argues that stimulus critics are reacting impatiently, and notes that economist Christina Romer, who now chairs the Council of Economic Advisers, says the stimulus is working just as planned and that no additional stimulus is needed. Would Congress Pass a Second Stimulus bill? The burning, relevant question is: Is it politically possible for President Obama to push Congress into passing a second economic stimulus package in 2009 or 2010? The first stimulus package passed on a House vote of 244-188, with all Republicans and eleven Democrats voting NO. The bill squeezed by on a filibuster-proof 61-36 Senate vote, but only after making significant compromises to attract three Republican YES votes. All Senate Democrats voted for the bill, except those absent due to illness. But with public confidence falling in Obamas leadership in mid-2009 on economic matters, and with the first stimulus bill failing to quell unemployment, moderate Democrats cant be relied on to solidly support additional stimulus legislation. Would Congress pass a second stimulus package in 2009 or 2010? The jury is out, but the verdict, in summer 2009, doesnt look good for the Obama administration.

Program management Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Program management - Article Example PMO also aids in the improvement of the project success rates in an organization due to the incorporation of skills and expertise in the management of projects and ensures standardization of projects across the organization. The article goes further to give the two models of PMO; consultative and centralized PMO capacities and gives the other advantage of PMO as augmenting employee productivity through efficient resource allocation in an organization. The type of PMO to be implemented in an organization depends on the culture and the changes and benefits that the organization aims at achieving within a stipulated time leading to the need for customization and patience for a PMO office that result in increased bottom-line results, customer satisfaction, and resource utilization (Santosus, 2013). The article is useful in aiding the development of PMO through giving the benefits of having PMO, the strategies to introduce PMO in an organization, the challenges that are faced by a PMO, and the skills and expertise that the PMO brings to the organization. The article explores varied factors for the choice of PMO model to implement depending on the factors inherent in the organization allowing organizations to have a better understanding when developing PMO. The article also aids in developing the PMO due exposition of results from companies that have implemented the development giving companies a benchmark for their needs and results of a

Elements influencing Robustness of the research Essay

Elements influencing Robustness of the research - Essay Example These were the elements influencing the robustness of the research; thus, are critiqued together with the elements influencing the believability of the research. In the study of Stark, Craig and Miller in 2011, the target population has been clearly identified and consisted of 10 healthy Caucasian females aged 21 to 39 years, who were not pregnant or lactating, and did not use tobacco or caffeine within 2 hours of testing (76). Samples were selected by placing flyers around the university and by word of mouth. The type of sampling is non-probability in nature, particularly convenience sampling because the researchers used the most conveniently available people as study participants. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were clearly identified as the study involved maternal choice, uncomplicated gestation of at least 37 weeks and no more than 41 weeks, and uncomplicated labor as inclusion criteria while exclusion criteria included mobility problems that limit entrance and exit from th e shower. The author believed that the sample size is too small and not adequate enough to produce accurate and representative samples. Ethical considerations were also included in the study. Ethical permission was granted for the study by the university’s institutional review board. ... Concepts such as showering, pain, labor, and suffering are were clearly defined, as well as the terms and theory. Researchers ensured that reader understands what is meant by the terms, concepts, and theory used in the study. In the methodology section, four areas were critiqued: research design, data collection, instrument design, and validity and reliability. The research design has not been clearly identified but based on the description, it is experimental in nature due to utilization of an intervention design with pilot testing. Data collection includes observation of physiologic variables during showering. It was appropriate and clearly described. Instrument design includes single-group, repeated-measures design to test the intervention with non-pregnant women of childbearing age and to allow frequent evaluation of participants before, during, and after a therapeutic shower. Results were discussed. As stated earlier, there was a pilot study undertaken. Reliability and validity testing are not mentioned in the study. Qualitative Study The qualitative study entitled â€Å"Suicide Notes among Native Americans, Hispanics and Anglos† by Olson, Wahab, Thompson and Durrant (2011) was critiqued in terms of sample and ethical considerations. Just like critiquing a quantitative study, sample and ethical considerations are some of the elements influencing robustness of the study. The sampling method and sample size have been identified. A maximum variation sampling was used as sampling method to investigate the differences and similarities in suicide notes among Native Americans, Hispanics and Anglos. A total of 69 suicide notes as sample size were included in the study. Although sample size was small, this is not

St Augustine and classical education Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Saint Augustine and Classical Education   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Saint Augustine’s deeply personal work, Confessions, he shares the story of his life up to his eventual conversion to the Christian faith. His odyssey through life is, at times, one of bitter inner conflict between his intellect and faith. Augustine’s classical education had a profound affect on the way he viewed the world, and eventually had a major affect on the way he approached Christianity. He is definitely an â€Å"intellectual† Christian, and viewed many aspects of his faith from this perspective. Augustine’s attitude towards classical literature and thought was at times slightly self-contradictory. It is clear, however, that although he was grateful for the education he was given, it was not necessary to his conversion. At many points throughout his life, his education actually seemed to hinder his flight towards Christianity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Augustine continually incorporated Bible verses and passages into his own writing, artfully blending the Scriptures in with his own views. His attitude toward intellect is best illustrated by this short passage in Corinthians: â€Å"For the foolishness of God is wiser than man’s wisdom, and the weakness of God is stronger than man’s strength†¦ but God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong† -(Corinthians 25-28) Augustine believed that the pursuit of wisdom without recognizing the importance and the power of God was useless. In his view it was a sin for a man to have that much pride and arrogance about his own intellect. Augustine recalled that as a very young man he himself succumbed to excessive pride. He fervently desired the recognition and prestige that came with being an accomplished rhetorician. He â€Å"squandered the brains [God] gave [him] on foolish delusions.† (I, 37) Augustine considered his pursuit of worldly wisdom a futile effort at this point in his life because he did not fully understand the meaning behind what he was learning. â€Å" I read and understood by myself all the books that I could find on the so-called liberal arts, for in those days I was a good-for-nothing and a slave to sordid ambitions. But what advantage did I gain from them? I read them with pleasure, but I did not kno... ...p of faith.† He knew then that he had to leave part of his philosophical pursuits behind and commit himself fully to Christ. â€Å"For I felt that I was still the captive of my sins, and in my misery I kept crying ‘How long shall I go on saying, â€Å"tomorrow, tomorrow†? Why not now? Why not make an end of my ugly sins at this moment?’† (VIII, 177)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Augustine then heard a child say â€Å"Take it and read, take it and read,† and he interpreted that as a divine command to pick up the Bible. He read the first section he opened to, Paul, and made the decision to become a celibate and devoted servant of God. Augustine was a rationalist man throughout the work, and yet his most defining moment is one of pure faith. Only after years of personal struggle did Augustine arrive at his own religious revelation. This ultimately made his conversion much more profound. To fully and eloquently express himself and his thoughts was essential to his writings. Clearly, he used his knowledge of rhetoric and the arts to express his views more effectively. His prose is both immaculate and powerful. The result was a masterpiece that greatly affected the growth of early Christianity.

The Law of Immigration

The 1990s have brought the largest influx of immigrants into labor force of the United States of any decade in this nation's history. A panel of social science scholars concluded their assessment of U. S. society with the observation that â€Å"America's biggest import is people† and determined that â€Å"at a time when attention is directed to the general decline in American exceptionalism, American immigration continues to flow at a rate unknown elsewhere in the world† [Oxford Analytica 1986, 20]. Unlike earlier mass immigration periods to the United States the present day wave of immigration to the U. S. how â€Å"no sign of imminent decline† [Bouvier 1991, 18]. â€Å"In today's world setting, international migration is a discretionary action that is regulated by the specific actions of the governments of individual nation-states. † There is no international obligation for any nation to allow others to enter or to work, in fact, most nations do not admit immigrants Mass immigration has played a significant role in the economic history of the United States, nevertheless the harsh fact is that what may be necessary and beneficial at one time, may not be so at another. The demand for labor is being affected by restructuring forces stemming from the nature and pace of technological change; from the stiff international competition the United States that now confronts for the first time in its history; from major shifts in consumer spending away from goods toward services; In the national defense expenditures brought about by the end of the Cold War in the early 1990's†. (vernon m. briggs,jr. and stephen moore. pg 35. ) In looking toward the future the twenty occupations projected to grow the fastest in the 1990s, half are related to the growing computer and health fields. The shift to a service based economy is leading to an upgrading of the skills and education required by the labor force. On the other hand the occupations that require minimal skills and education have declined and are presently forecasted to continue to do so. Immigration can be useful in the short run as a means of providing qualified workers where shortages of qualified domestic workers exist. But, the long-term objective should be that these jobs should go to citizens and resident aliens. The 1990 Census revealed that the percentage of foreign-born adults (25 ears and over) who had less than a ninth grade education was 25 percent (compared to only 10 percent for native-born adults) and whereas 23 percent of native-born adults did not have a high school diploma, 42 percent of foreign-born adults did not. Immigration, therefore, is a major contributor to the nation's adult illiteracy problem. On the other hand, both foreign-born adults and native-born adults had the same percentage of persons who had a bachelor's degree or higher (20. percent and 20. 4 percent, respectively), but with regard to those who had graduate degrees, foreign-born adults had a considerably igher percentage than did the native-born, 3. 8 percent versus 2. 4 percent. ( )† It is at both ends of the U. S. labor force that immigration has its greatest impact at the bottom and at the top of the economic ladder. â€Å"The overall unemployment rate of foreign-born workers in 1994 was 9. 2 percent, while the comparable national unemployment rate at the time was 6. 5 percent. The unemployment rate for foreign-born workers with less than a ninth grade education in 1994 was 13 percent; for those with some high school but no diploma, it was 15. 2 percent. The comparable rates for native-born workers were 13. 5 percent and 29. 9 percent. † Consequently, the greatest labor market impact of immigration is in the sector of the labor market that is already having the greatest difficulty finding employment. â€Å"The 1990 Census also disclosed that 79. 1 percent of the foreign-born population (five years old and over) speak a language other than English (compared to 7. 8 percent of the native-born) and that 47. percent of the foreign-born (five years and over) reported that they do not speak English very well. ( )† The ability to speak English n an increasingly service-oriented economy has been definitively linked to the ability to advance in the U. S. labor market of the post-1965 era [Chiswick 1992, 15]. Considering the factors aforementioned â€Å"the incidence of poverty among families of the foreign-born population in 1990 was 50 percent higher than that of native-born families or that 25 percent of the families with a foreign-born householder who entered the country since 1980 were living in poverty in 1990 ( ). â€Å"Nor is it surprising to find that immigrant families make greater use of welfare than do native-born families† [Borjas and Trejo Even when legitimate labor shortages exist, immigration should never be allowed to dampen the two types of market pressures: those needed to encourage citizen workers to invest in preparing for vocations that are expanding and those needed to ensure that governmental bodies provide the human-resource-development programs needed to prepare citizens for the new type of jobs that are emerging. † ( pg. 44 ). We may need to reconsider † an immigration policy that annually encourages or tolerates the mass entry of immigrants with only minimal regard to their human capital attributes or places dditional remedial burdens on an already underfunded and inadequate education and training system. It is not only the actual effects of increased competition for jobs and social services that are important, collectively we must consider the opportunity costs as well when considering immigration and its effect on our economy. â€Å"(Pg,48) The phrase â€Å"a melting nation of immigrants† is popularly used to describe the people who settled the United States. Historian Oscar Handlin added to this statement by stating that â€Å"once I thought to write a history of the immigrants in America. Then I discovered that the immigrants were American history† [Handlin 1951, 3]. † The benefits of immigration, however are manifold. Immigrants are highly entrepreneurial. Their rate of business start-ups and self employment tend to be higher than that of United States born citizens. Immigrants contribute to the global competitiveness of US corporations, particularly in high technology industries. Perhaps the most important benefit is that immigrants come to the United States with critically needed talents, energies that serve as an engine for economic progress. â€Å"(pg 78). Economist Ellen Seghal of the US Bureau of Labor Statistics did a study examining welfare usage in 1984 of several major federal programs of immigrants who entered the United States before 1982. She found that â€Å"the share of foreign born collecting public assistance including unemployment compensation, Food Stamps, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), and AFDC was 12. 8 percent. The percentage for US born was 13. 9 percent. † (pg 93). A study by the City of New York's Office of City Planning found that the public assistance rate was 7. 7 percent for immigrants and 13. percent for the population as a whole. Hispanic immigrants are alleged to be especially heavy users of welfare services, but the research does not verify this stereotype. A study done by the Urban Institute found the â€Å"annual welfare benefits averaged $575 per California household, as opposed to $251, per Mexican immigrant Do immigrants compete with American workers for jobs? â€Å"There are almost always economic losers under such competitions, even though the society as a whole is almost always left wealthier. The pressure of competition is one of the engines of conomic growth under a capitalist economy. â€Å"(pg98). † When immigrants come to the United States, they immediately raise the demand for US goods and services (Greenwood and McDowell 1986). † â€Å"They shop for food in US grocery stores; they move into apartments or homes, as producers' immigrants fill jobs, but as consumers they create jobs†(pg106). Several studies have documented that the immigrants who come to the United States tend to be more skilled, more highly educated and â€Å"generally more economically successful than the average citizens in their home countries†. Among Iranians who came to the United States in 1979, 57 percent were professional, technical, or managerial workers. In Iran , only 6 percent of all the workforce falls into those high skill categories. In that same year, 68 percent of the immigrants from India fell into these high skilled categories compared to less than 5 percent among the entire Indian workforce. Finally, 15 percent of the 6,000 Haitians who entered the United States in 1979 through normal immigration channels were professionals, administrators, or managers compared to 1 percent for the Haitian workforce (Gibney 1990,372. † The hildren of immigrants also tend to reach exceptionally high levels of achievement as adults, in earnings and professional skills. â€Å"Economist Barry Chiswick has calculated that throughout this century, the children of immigrants have had earnings that are on the average 10 percent above those of comparably educated US born children (cited in McConnell 1988, 101 ). † Americans are split on an issue that will likely remain on the forefront for some time to come. The subtle nuances interwoven within the issue of immigration are facets that require answers more akin to shades of gray than black and white.

The Location And Formation Of Consciousness - 1173 Words

The location and formation of consciousness is complex and widely disputed. Wilbert’s model of â€Å"Body†, an entire organism, and â€Å"body†, separates the brain from the body, parallels well with William James’ questions of â€Å"is it me and my body?† or â€Å"Is my body me?† (Combs. 113). A common theme discussing the uncertainty of what, how, and where is the consciousness pinpointed. Kak believes â€Å"Self-awareness is an emergent phenomenon which is grounded in the self and the associations stored in the brain† (2). The Thomas theorem describes the location and the emergence of consciousness philosophically, â€Å"If something is defined as real, it is real in its consequences† (Walden. Lecture. 8/24/16). In Comb’s sixth chapter, he touches on how mind altering substances, chemicals effecting the brain, alter consciousness and mental state(s). He also concludes that the brain impacts the physical body. The example of marijuana changing one’s â€Å"†¦sense of time, body perc eption, and the senses† shows how the mind, brain, body and even self are all interconnected (52). The questions of where consciousness is located and emerges and what are, if any, the limits of consciousness in these respects are still high disputed and unresolved in my opinion. According to Wilbur’s terms, location and formation of consciousness vary and depend of the context on the situation. When both the left and right hand knowledge is considered, the more context you can describe, the clearer and more valuable theShow MoreRelatedIt Is The Greatest Mystery Of All1435 Words   |  6 Pagesall about what consciousness is: how it is defined, different theories of why it exists, its benefits. I specifically learned that consciousness could ultimately be defined as the state or quality of awareness. 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